Outdoor sculptures often employ undulating surfaces to achieve a range of artistic and functional effects. These wavy or rippling textures can create dynamic visual interest, playing with light and shadow to produce ever-changing appearances throughout the day. Artists use undulations to mimic natural forms like water, wind, or organic shapes, blending the artwork seamlessly into its environment.

The tactile quality of undulating surfaces also invites interaction, encouraging viewers to touch and explore the sculpture. Additionally, these surfaces can enhance durability by distributing stress and weathering more evenly. From abstract modern pieces to figurative works, undulating surfaces remain a versatile technique in public art, transforming static objects into lively, engaging installations.